报告题目：Hydro-Carbon Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems

报 告 人🤱🏼：Xingbo Liu; Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Department, West Virginia University; Morgantown, WV 26506-6206, USA

报告时间🌏：2015年10月21日星期三 上午10:00

报告地点：热能系系馆报告厅

报告摘要：Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) is one of the promising alternative technologies for inefficient coal combustion for power generation, which can potentially operate on syngas obtained from coal. The main advantages of SOFCs are high overall plant efficiency (when the waste heat is used for bottoming cycles) and suitability for carbon sequestration. However there are still some unresolved problems with performance durability of these devices when operating on hydrocarbon fuels such as coal syngas & natural gas, which inherently has some undesirable contaminants such as sulfur and phosphorus compounds.

At anode side, the most important issues are (1) understanding the effects of impurities on the performance and microstructural degradation of Ni-YSZ anodes, and (2) developing impurity-tolerant anodes. I will present our investigation on effect of phosphorous and sulfur on both Ni-YSZ and perovskite anodes and our attempts to develop S-tolerant anode. The sulfur tolerance introduced by LaxCe1-xO2 coating has been tested with MSRI cells by using Pt paste and nickel mesh on the anode as current collector. The degradation for the impregnated MSRI cell was postponed and the degradation degree after H2S attack was also alleviated.

At cathode side, our approaches are to develop electrochemical models to simulate the kinetics of oxygen reduction and reaction (ORR) and to improve the cathode performance by employing infiltration method. Our ORR modeling recognize the overall charge-transfer reactions can proceed along both surface pathway via triple-phase boundary (3PB) and a bulk pathway via electrolyte/cathode interface (2PB) of SOFC cathodes. We analyzed the electrochemical behavior of LSM-type MIEC cathode by incorporating multi-step charge-transfer into the bi-pathway kinetics model. The results are compared to the experimental data to examine the physical validity of the assumed oxygen reduction scenario, and the consequent implication on performance improvement methods for SOFC cathode is also discussed. Experimentally, we infiltrated SDC into LSM cathode and showed the significant performance improvement and polarization resistance decrease at 800C.

On the stack level, Cr-poisoning from interconnect is still one the major reasons to cause system performance degradation. Mn-Co spinel has been identified as the most promising candidate for SOFC interconnect coating due to its high electrical conductivity, capability to block chromium evaporation, and match with CTE with other cell components, etc. We developed low-cost coating methods by electroplating and electrophoretic deposition (EPD). Electroplating of alloys, followed by controlled oxidation to the desired spinel phase, offers advantages in terms of low cost and applicable to complex shapes, as compared to other coating methods. However, the huge difference on standard deposition potentials between Co2+/Co (-0.28VSCE) and that of Mn2+/Mn(-1.18VSCE) makes it very difficult to co-deposit Mn-Co alloys. We have been successfully co-deposited the alloys by optimizing bath chemistry, deposition voltage and current, as well as the deposition cycles during the pulse plating process.

刘兴博，1988年入北京科技大学材料科学与工程系学习🧑🏿‍🎄，1992年获学士，1995年获硕士，1999年获工学博士学位，师从中国著名高温合金专家谢锡善教授。2000年赴美🫲🏽，现任美国西弗吉尼亚大学（West Virginia University）机械与航空工程系正教授🅿️，系副主任（主管科研）。主要研究方向是清洁能源转化与储能中的高温材料🧑‍🦰，国际知名高温合金和固体氧化物燃料电池专家。

科研：从2006年至今，参与和主持了30余项美国国家及企业科研课题，总金额近2千5百万美元。个人科研经费超过5百万美元，现在领导WVU最大的课题组，每年个人科研经费100万美元以上🧑🏼‍🦱。在国际杂志发表文章90篇（全部为SCI和EI收录，平均影响年因子超过3），并多次在国际学术会议上做特邀报告。已经获得美国专利二项，还有3项待评👎🏽👵🏽。

获奖：西弗吉尼亚大学工程学院最佳青年研究员（2004）👨‍🦯‍➡️🕵🏼，杰出研究员（2008，2009，2011，2015），最佳研究员（2011，2015）🖖。

矿物，金属和材料学会（The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, TMS）Early Career Faculty Fellow Award (2010)。TMS 是美国乃至国际上冶金材料领域最具权威性的学术团体。Early Career Faculty Fellow Award由TMS于2006年创立，每年只授予一名在材料科学与工程领域有杰出贡献的青年科学家。至今的获奖者包括来自加州理工🐨🤸🏼，MIT，加州伯克利大学等著名学府。刘兴博是迄今唯一获奖的中国科学家。

在2011年，刘兴博（第一发明人）领导研发的固体氧化物燃料电池连接体涂层获得R&D100奖。R&D100被誉为“发明家的OSCAR”，由R&D杂志评选每年100项最有创新性的新产品和成果👨🏽‍🚀，是美国工业界的最高奖。

2015年，刘兴博当选为ASM Fellow （会士）。ASM是国际材料领域权威性团体🔛，拥有超过30，000名会员💎。Fellow是ASM的最高级会员，每年入选人数低于会员数的千分之一🤷🏽。

主要现任职务𓀘：TMS高温合金委员会主席（迄今唯一的中国科学家担任此职务），TMS能源转化与储能委员会主席💁🏿‍♀️，美国陶瓷学会 (American Ceramics Society, ACerS)基础陶瓷科学分会主席👩🏻‍🎤，电化学学会 (Electrochemical Society, ECS)高温材料分会执行委员。召集十余次大型国际学术会议，并担任多个国际杂志和美国政府部门的评审人。